In psychology, resilience is a person’s capacity to overcome severe trials or traumatic shocks and rebuild themselves. Initially used in physics to describe the resistance of materials against shocks, this concept began to be used in the English-speaking world by the human sciences in the 1950s, before being popularised in France by the neuropsychiatrist Boris Cyrulnik. While resilience is a mental process of adaptation, it is also a condition for survival and a direct consequence of disturbing or violent environmental factors.